An irregular menstrual cycle can be one of the first signs that your body is entering the transition towards menopause. Periods that were once predictable may become shorter, longer, heavier, lighter or less frequent – and you may miss a period for a month or two before your cycle returns.
These changes are often a normal part of perimenopause, but irregular bleeding should not automatically be put down to it. Understanding what is normal and which situations need a medical check is essential.
For an overview of this stage of life, see our complete guide to perimenopause.
Why does the cycle become irregular?
Perimenopause is a gradual transition that can begin several years before the final period. As ovarian function changes, ovulation becomes less regular and oestrogen can fluctuate considerably. When ovulation does not occur, progesterone production is reduced, which affects the development and shedding of the womb lining. According to the NHS, periods may become more or less frequent, and bleeding heavier or lighter. Menopause is defined as 12 consecutive months without a period.
You may notice periods closer together or further apart, heavier or lighter bleeding, periods lasting more or fewer days, an occasional missed period, or changes in premenstrual symptoms. Pregnancy, hormonal contraception, weight changes, intense exercise, stress, thyroid problems and conditions such as PCOS can also affect your cycle.
When to speak to your GP
- Bleeding between periods or after sex.
- Very heavy periods – for example, needing to change a pad or tampon every 1–2 hours.
- Bleeding lasting more than seven days.
- A sudden or significant change from your usual pattern.
- Bleeding that affects your daily life.
- Any bleeding after 12 months without a period (postmenopausal bleeding) – this should always be checked.
Keeping a record of your cycle – start date, length, amount of bleeding and any spotting – can be very helpful for your GP.
Looking after yourself
No diet, supplement or lifestyle change can make your hormones behave as they did in your twenties or thirties. Instead, focus on a varied diet with vegetables, fruit, pulses, wholegrains, nuts, seeds and good-quality protein; regular physical activity; time outdoors; relaxation and good sleep habits. NICE recommends an individualised approach to menopause, including discussing the benefits and risks of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) where appropriate.
Fertility has not necessarily ended
Ovulation can still occur during perimenopause, even when periods are unpredictable. The NHS advises continuing to use contraception if you do not wish to become pregnant.
Hifas-Menopause
Hifas-Menopause is a hormone-free food supplement that combines organic Reishi, Lion's Mane and Cordyceps sinensis with Ashwagandha root extract, green tea extract, live cultures, vitamins B6 and D and zinc. Vitamin B6 contributes to the regulation of hormonal activity and to normal psychological function. Vitamin D contributes to the maintenance of normal bones, and zinc contributes to the normal function of the immune system. Take two capsules a day as directed on the label.
If you are taking any medication, are under medical supervision or have a hormone-sensitive condition, please speak to your doctor before taking any food supplement. Food supplements should not be used as a substitute for a varied, balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle.