Hongo estudiado como regulador del sistema inmunitario, eficaz en casos de alergia, problemas de inmunidad y procesos infecciosos. Complemento nutricional en medicina integrativa oncológica.

Apuntes imprescindibles sobre el Champiñón del sol, el mejor aliado para el sistema inmunitario

Hace tan solo 40 años se descubrió el efecto positivo de este hongo en la salud humana. El cáncer casi nunca se había diagnosticado en la población rural de de la zona de Sao Paulo (Brasil), donde originalmente se encontró el hongo y cuyo consumo continúa hasta hoy.

Al igual que otras especies de su misma familia (Champiñón de París o Portobello), el Champiñón del sol es un comestible muy apreciado con cualidades de superalimento. Es muy carnoso y tiene un intenso aroma almendrado, por ello también se conoce comúnmente como «el hongo de almendra».

Nutrientes destacados del Champiñón del sol

• Polisacáridos: beta-glucanos y glucomanano
• Proteoglicanos
• Lípidos: ácido linoleico, palmitoleico y fosfolípidos (de acción anticancerígena)
• Ergosterol (precursor de la vitamina D)
• Coenzima Q10
• Ácidos nucleicos
• Esteroles
• Vitaminas B1, B2, B3, B5 y B6, ácido fólico y biotina
• Minerales (sodio, potasio, calcio, magnesio, hierro, cobre, manganeso, zinc, selenio, etc.)

Beneficios del Champiñón del sol avalados por la ciencia moderna

Este hongo es especialmente útil como apoyo al sistema inmunitario y ante patologías autoinmunes como las alergias. También tiene actividad contra el cáncer [1- 21]:

• Inmunoreguladora
• Antialérgica
• Hepatoprotectora
• Antidiabética
• Antitumoral
• Reduce los efectos secundarios de los tratamientos de quimio y radioterapia: potencia el sistema inmunitario, mejora la debilidad y la estabilidad emocional, reduce la caída del pelo y aumenta el apetito

Referencias

1. Jiang L, Yu Z, Lin Y, Cui L, Yao S, Lv L, Liu J. Low-molecular-weight polysaccharides from Agaricus blazei Murrill modulate the Th1 response in cancer immunity. Oncol Lett. 2018 Mar;15(3):3429-3436. doi: 10.3892/ol.2018.7794.
2. Tangen JM, Holien T, Mirlashari MR, Misund K, Hetland G. Cytotoxic Effect on Human Myeloma Cells and Leukemic Cells by the Agaricus blazei Murill Based Mushroom Extract, Andosan™. Biomed Res Int. 2017; 2017:2059825. doi: 10.1155/2017/2059825
3. Martins PR, de Campos Soares ÂMV, da Silva Pinto Domeneghini AV, Golim MA, Kaneno R. Agaricus brasiliensis polysaccharides stimulate human monocytes to capture Candida albicans, express toll-like receptors 2 and 4, and produce pro-inflammatory cytokines. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis. 2017 Mar 23;23:17. doi: 10.1186/s40409-017-0102-2
4. Hetland G, Eide DM, Tangen JM, Haugen MH, Mirlashari MR, Paulsen JE. The Agaricus blazei-Based Mushroom Extract, Andosan™, Protects against Intestinal Tumorigenesis in the A/J Min/+ Mouse. PLoS One. 2016 Dec 21;11(12):e0167754. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167754.
5. Therkelsen SP, Hetland G, Lyberg T, Lygren I, Johnson E. Cytokine Levels After Consumption of a Medicinal Agaricus blazei Murill-Based Mushroom Extract, AndoSan™ , in Patients with Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis in a Randomized Single-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Study. Scand J Immunol. 2016 Dec;84(6):323-331. doi: 10.1111/sji.12476.
6. Therkelsen SP, Hetland G, Lyberg T, Lygren I, Johnson E. Effect of the Medicinal Agaricus blazei Murill-Based Mushroom Extract, AndoSanTM, on Symptoms, Fatigue and Quality of Life in Patients with Crohn’s Disease in a Randomized Single-Blinded Placebo Controlled Study. PLoS One. 2016 Jul 14;11(7):e0159288. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159288.
7. Therkelsen SP, Hetland G, Lyberg T, Lygren I, Johnson E. Effect of a Medicinal Agaricus blazei Murill-Based Mushroom Extract, AndoSan™, on Symptoms, Fatigue and Quality of Life in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis in a Randomized Single-Blinded Placebo Controlled Study. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 2;11(3):e0150191. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150191.
8. Singh R, Dhingra GS, Shri R. Evaluation of Antianxiety Potential of Four Ganoderma (Agaricomycetes) Species from India in Mice. Int J Med Mushrooms. 2016;18(11):991-998. doi: 10.1615
9. Jiang WG, Sanders AJ, Katoh M, Ungefroren H, Gieseler F, Prince M, Thompson SK, Zollo M, Spano D, Dhawan P, Sliva D, Subbarayan PR, Sarkar M, Honoki K, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Amedei A, Niccolai E, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Ye L, Helferich WG, Yang X, Boosani CS, Guha G, Ciriolo MR, Aquilano K, Chen S, Azmi AS, Keith WN, Bilsland A, Bhakta D, Halicka D, Nowsheen S, Pantano F, Santini D. Tissue invasion and metastasis: Molecular, biological and clinical perspectives. Semin Cancer Biol. 2015 Dec;35 Suppl:S244-S275. doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.03.008.
10. Liu Y, Zhang L, Zhu X, Wang Y, Liu W, Gong W. Polysaccharide Agaricus blazei Murill stimulates myeloid derived suppressor cell differentiation from M2 to M1 type, which mediates inhibition of tumour immune-evasion via the Toll-like receptor 2 pathway. Immunology. 2015 Nov;146(3):379-91. doi: 10.1111/imm.12508.
11. Val CH, Brant F, Miranda AS, Rodrigues FG, Oliveira BC, Santos EA, Assis DR, Esper L, Silva BC, Rachid MA, Tanowitz HB, Teixeira AL, Teixeira MM, Régis WC, Machado FS. Effect of mushroom Agaricus blazei on immune response and development of experimental cerebral malaria. Malar J. 2015 Aug 11;14:311. doi: 10.1186/s12936-015-0832-y
12. Yeh MY, Shang HS, Lu HF, Chou J, Yeh C, Chang JB, Hung HF, Kuo WL, Wu LY, Chung JG. Chitosan oligosaccharides in combination with Agaricus blazei Murill extract reduces hepatoma formation in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency. Mol Med Rep. 2015 Jul;12(1):133-40. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3454.
13. de Jesus Pereira NC, Régis WC, Costa LE, de Oliveira JS, da Silva AG, Martins VT, Duarte MC, de Souza JR, Lage PS, Schneider MS, Melo MN, Soto M, Soares SA, Tavares CA, Chávez-Fumagalli MA, Coelho EA. Evaluation of adjuvant activity of fractions derived from Agaricus blazei, when in association with the recombinant LiHyp1 protein, to protect against visceral leishmaniasis. Exp Parasitol. 2015 Jun;153:180-90. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2015.03.027.
14. Tangen JM, Tierens A, Caers J, Binsfeld M, Olstad OK, Trøseid AM, Wang J, Tjønnfjord GE, Hetland G. Immunomodulatory effects of the Agaricus blazei Murrill-based mushroom extract AndoSan in patients with multiple myeloma undergoing high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation: a randomized, double blinded clinical study. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:718539. doi: 10.1155/2015/718539.
15. Socala K, Nieoczym D, Grzywnowicz K, Stefaniuk D, Wlaz P. Evaluation of Anticonvulsant, Antidepressant-, and Anxiolytic-like Effects of an Aqueous Extract from Cultured Mycelia of the Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Higher Basidiomycetes) in Mice. Int J Med Mushrooms. 2015;17(3):209-18.
16. de Sá-Nakanishi AB, Soares AA, Natali MR, Comar JF, Peralta RM, Bracht A. Effects of the continuous administration of an Agaricus blazei extract to rats on oxidative parameters of the brain and liver during aging. Molecules. 2014 Nov 13;19(11):18590-603. doi: 10.3390/molecules191118590.
17. Wang H, Li G, Zhang W, Han C, Xu X, Li YP. The protective effect of Agaricus blazei Murrill, submerged culture using the optimized medium composition, on alcohol-induced liver injury. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:573978. doi: 10.1155/2014/573978.
18. Matsuzaki H, Shimizu Y, Iwata N, Kamiuchi S, Suzuki F, Iizuka H, Hibino Y, Okazaki M. Antidepressant-like effects of a water-soluble extract from the culture medium of Ganoderma lucidum mycelia in rats. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2013 Dec 26;13:370. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-370.
19. Wang P, Li XT, Sun L, Shen L. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Water-Soluble Polysaccharide of Agaricus blazei Murill on Ovariectomized Osteopenic Rats. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:164817. doi: 10.1155/2013/164817.
20. Cui L, Sun Y, Xu H, Xu H, Cong H, Liu J. A polysaccharide isolated from Agaricus blazei Murill (ABP-AW1) as a potential Th1 immunity-stimulating adjuvant. Oncol Lett. 2013 Oct;6(4):1039-1044.
21. Hakime-Silva RA, Vellosa JC, Khalil NM, Khalil OA, Brunetti IL, Oliveira OM. Chemical, enzymatic and cellular antioxidant activity studies of Agaricus blazei Murrill. An Acad Bras Cienc. 2013 Sep;85(3):1073-81. doi: 10.1590/S0001-37652013005000044.
22. Lima CU, Souza VC, Morita MC, Chiarello MD, Karnikowski MG. Agaricus blazei Murrill and inflammatory mediators in elderly women: a randomized clinical trial. Scand J Immunol. 2012 Mar;75(3):336-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2011.02656.x.
23. Hsu CH, Hwang KC, Chiang YH, Chou P. The mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill extract normalizes liver function in patients with chronic hepatitis B. J Altern Complement Med. 2008 Apr;14(3):299-301. doi: 10.1089/acm.2006.6344.
24. Kimura N, Fujino E, Urabe S, Mizutani H, Sako T, Imai S, Toyoda Y, Arai T. Effect of supplementation of Agaricus mushroom meal extracts on enzyme activities in peripheral leukocytes of calves. Res Vet Sci. 2007 Feb;82(1):7-10.
25. Hsu CH, Liao YL, Lin SC, Hwang KC, Chou P. The mushroom Agaricus Blazei Murill in combination with metformin and gliclazide improves insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Altern Complement Med. 2007 Jan-Feb;13(1):97-102.
26. Grinde B, Hetland G, Johnson E. Effects on gene expression and viral load of a medicinal extract from Agaricus blazei in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection. Int Immunopharmacol. 2006 Aug;6(8):1311-4.
27. Ahn WS, Kim DJ, Chae GT, Lee JM, Bae SM, Sin JI, Kim YW, Namkoong SE, Lee IP. Natural killer cell activity and quality of life were improved by consumption of a mushroom extract, Agaricus blazei Murill Kyowa, in gynecological cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2004 Jul-Aug;14(4):589-94.